THE CIA: WHITE-COLLAR TERRORISM
NACLA
Mr. Colby Meets the Public MASTER OF DECEIT Introduction On September 13, 1974, the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), William Colby, appeared at a Conference on the CIA and...
...Against the demands of the Pathet Lao, certainly, and their North Vietnamese allies because they were North Vietnamese allies and they were attacking the Meo tribesmen...
...Raskin: Did the Central Intelligence Agency use ITT as a cover in Chile...
...Here, a complex set of forces is at work to endanger the assets of the Western businessman and his own personal safety...
...In his prepared remarks Colby asserted that it was vital for the United States to protect some "good secrets...
...Sikes (D-Fl...
...Gary Porter: Mr...
...We now know that votes were bought in the Chilean Congress, that opposition candidates were funded, and that the coup was promoted by the funding of sabotage groups and right-wing strikes...
...Embassy in Stockholm (1951-53...
...They are overtly known as that, and the answer to your basic question is that the other agencies do not conduct covert actions...
...Morton Halperin: Are you really saying, in line with the policy of candor that you say that the Agency is attempting to follow, to tell us that the activities of the Agency in support of hostile press, in support of strikes, in support of direct support of armed nationalist groups in Chile, did not have a direct effect on the atmosphere which produced the coup...
...ruling class refuses to give up its influence anywhere in the world...
...Thus, the narrow defeat (by two votes) of the resolution to lift the sanctions at the November 1974 OAS meeting in Quito was a Pyrrhic victory for the exiles and for the United States--at best an effort to postpone the inevitable...
...However, in October 1968, precisely when the political life of the United States was centered on the coming presidential elections, ^^- 23 - the U.S...
...Bottom and right: Identity card issued by the so-called "Playa Giron Liberation Forces," carried by one of the Cuban counterrevolutionaries when captured in the Bay of Pigs...
...Colby and two former directors of the CIA, Allen Dulles and Richard Helms had each been in charge of the Directorate of Operations (clandestine activities) prior to heading the Agency...
...I can say with certainty that the group of five counterrevolutionaries, including James McCord, who is an...
...There had been previous total round-up recaps for other committees of the Congress well prior to that time, and, in fact, right after the coup in 1973...
...All this made me turn against the Revolution on the very day of its triumph...
...As long as socialist countries and movements for national independence are viewed as the enemy, liberal agonizing over where to draw the line on CIA operations -- and over the distinction between intelligence gathering and covert actions -- misses the main point...
...You say, Mr...
...audience outburst) * Maj...
...Though subversion and secret operations have always been a major part of U.S...
...I just want to say to you, Mr...
...The vast majority of those killed were killed in military combat, fire fights or ambushes, and most of the remainder were killed in police actions attempting to capture them...
...CIA headquarters in Langley, Va...
...After that action, Perullero, Iglesias and Crespo joined the FNLC...
...I left from the airport of what was then Camp Columbia and landed in Florida...
...In the light of this last information, we now know at least some of the people around the world who put faith in the secrecy of our government and whose survival politically in their own country depends on it...
...This Virginia highway sign previously omitted the CIA...
...There are some civilian employees of the Department of the Army, Defense, the Navy and so forth...
...I think it is obvious that there is an apparent discrepancy between what they are stating as officials of the United States government, and what you have testified to in a session before, as you call it, a relevant House subcommittee...
...Colby: I think, Mr...
...29 - In the letter reproduced below, Business International announced a joint workshop with the IACP on "Creating and Implementing a Corporate Security Program to Combat Kidnapping and Terrorism...
...Abourezk: Did the Chairman of the oversight committee know in advance of your Chilean operation...
...I mean the position of the United States in the world today and in the world ahead...
...This was done according to the procedure set up at each period...
...Ford, and there is the CIA which, with Pappy Shelton, Mitrione and Siracusa* [and now you, Mr...
...At the time of the U-2 in 1960, we were told by the government that it was a weather plane that drifted over the border...
...however, you have admitted that there were activities before that...
...There was the plunder of Mexico, the occupation of Puerto Rico, the intervention in the Dominican Republic, the Bay of Pigs, and many other acts that our America does not forget and will never forgive...
...These men meet at least once a month to review and endorse covert action against "enemies" of the United States...
...The apartment was used to store explosive plastics material known as C-3, C-4 and D-A-9, two M-3 machine guns, hand grenades and several automatic pistols and ammunition...
...American but who thinks just like a Cuban counterrevolutionary, that group which broke into the Watergate building originally had six members, but at the last minute it was decided that the sixth person would not participate in the action...
...I would also like to add, incidentally, because I have had to mention my father's name every time in order to explain the essential reason why I left Cuba on the very day of the revolutionary triumph, that while I have been fully identified with the Revolution for the past few years, my father, as you know, has been, is and, I am certain, will continue to be an enemy of the Revolution...
...Chairman: But you do undertake activities overseas that would be crimes in this country...
...11) A check-list of steps to take in countering terrorist propaganda -- for example, social programs in cooperation with local governments, etc...
...There were several other parts: the development of local security forces in the neighborhood to protect the villages...
...Now, since all covert action is done in secret, and when it is revealed it is denied by the CIA, and since it is neither disclosed nor acknowledged to the public, how can it reflect national policy...
...1, 1974 column, for example, Jack Anderson independently confirmed, on the basis of his own investigations, that the exiles were prepared to "turn their deadly skills against the U.S...
...if you were ordered by the President of the United States and the National Security Council to engage in such actions againsteither Americans or other people in other third world countries, I'd like to know if you would have any moral objections to it...
...Thus in an article on the security situation in Argentina, BI reports that: "A major U.S...
...intelligence covert actions do not remain secret, the U.S...
...efforts to track down Che Guevara in Bolivia...
...This is a matter, of course, for the Congress to decide...
...U-2 flown by Francis Gary Powers is shot down over Soviet Union, causing cancelation of four-power summit conference...
...I think that, Mr...
...All of my instructions came from State, in that no hard line toward Chile was carried out at any time...
...In general, do you see any national security threat that would justify any covert operations at this time in any third world country, which I define roughly as poor countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, with no conceivable capacity to endanger the American people here in the United States...
...2) A check-list of the reasons why every international corporation should have an anti-terrorism program -- including the need for counterintelligence, the need to keep from being caught by surprise, to remove doubt as to what to do when terrorists strike, to have policy decisions in place in advance of any trouble, and the need for a global and well-thought-out security program -all of which requires extensive planning to minimize the opportunity for terrorists and to maximize detection, prevention and apprehension...
...In addition to attending the conference on the CIA,Colby has granted interviews to major U.S...
...RIVERO: Obviously, the entire terrorist campaign, which has a history of ten years now, has not been financed by the Chilean junta...
...They are the present leaders of Chile, and they are not alone...
...The peoples of the world live under the permanent threat of the most aggressive imperialism that has ever existed...
...and advice on how these should be considered in the context of a total global corporate security program...
...Finding themselves more isolated, the terrorist groups have been embroiled in internal warfare: one leader, Jose de la Torriente, was killed in April 1974, reportedly because others felt he had not delivered on his promise to overthrow Castro by December 1970...
...There are a lot of other people who are quite willing to bring to the attention of the public or to the appropriate authorities any wrongdoing by the CIA or any contradiction between what we are duly authorized to do under our constitution and what we are not duly authorized to do...
...Colby: I do not have an idea of the number that were tortured...
...RIVERO: Yes, I have...
...She happened to believe throughout that I was exposing myself to possible attempts to kill me by members of the government or attempts to beat me up, which she didn't want to see...
...As I did say, I believe that I cannot tell the American people an untruth...
...you have also told us by that statement that you have no conception of the Constitution which you are sworn to uphold...
...RIVERO: I feel highly honored and pleased to be able to return to my country after so many years of absence...
...These groups united and in 1968 started a terrorist campaign which reached somewhat large proportions because in a little less than a year they exploded more than 70 bombs in the United States, that is, they carried out at least 70 terrorist attacks...
...the prototype for other CIAsponsored think-tanks...
...audience applause) Colby: I respectfully disagree...
...The fact is that the governmental secrecy which threatens the continuation of American democratic institutions, the survival of this country -- it's not Russia and it's not Chile, it is the secrecy of the United States government of which you are a part...
...Operations, U.S.Assistance Programs in Vietnam, Hearnings, 92nd Congress...
...Other companies have turned to private intelligence organizations such as Intertel (International Intelligence, Inc...
...Starts Counter-Terror program in Vietnam using terror techniques against NLF...
...I think this most recent Chilean thing indicates that is the case...
...what information should be gathered at the local (foreign subsidiary) level and what at headquarters...
...They have resorted to terror and genocide...
...The present congressional oversight arrangement is as follows: HOUSE Special Subcommittee on Intelligence, House Committee on Armed Services Chairman Lucien N. Nedzi (D-Mich...
...By which the objective was to capture, rather than to kill, the members of the apparatus...
...Colby: Because you don't have to talk about them...
...strategies, their importance has intensified as other more overt methods of containing growing national liberation movements proved futile and unpopular...
...13, 1974 4. Miami Herald, April 18, 1974 and April 28, 1974 5. Tropic, July 14, 1974 6. "Cuban Exiles and Watergate," NACLA's Latin America and Empire Report, Nov., 1973 7. Los Angeles Times, April 21, 1974...
...Was the CIA carrying on the supply operation against the Pathet Lao...
...the use of embassies and paid informants...
...consulting firm serving the multinationals--spells out the threat to U.S...
...He used these papers to travel to Santiago de Chile to cover the visit of Fidel Castro in Chile...
...security firms such as William J. Burns International Security Services or The Wackenhut Corporation to provide plant security abroad...
...Our estimate at the time was that in the fighting that took place at the time of the coup somewhere between 3,000 and 5,000 people were killed...
...The basic cause underlying covert operations is protection of the U.S...
...8 - Congressional control of the CIA has almost been non-existent...
...they regard themselves as heroes and other people in that same aggressive current accept them as such...
...However, an analysis of the counterrevolutionary events of the past 10 years shows us that a little more than three years after the FBI thought it had neutralized the terrorists, they resumed activities with an action that was really criminal...
...RIVERO: That's right...
...Leslie C. Arends (R-Ill...
...Colby: Yes...
...of Defense William Clements, Under Sec...
...17 - on information that I have about the results,and then I would like your evaluation as to whether that was a success...
...Unidentified member of the audience: How many were killed while you were over there...
...Fred Branfman: Mr...
...Business International, Jan...
...Senator Symington (was quoted) in this morning's Washington Post indicating that as a member of the Senate structure for oversight, statements made by yourself came as surprise to him as to the degree of involvement in this country...
...I'll stand by a memory that I have of two readingsof your testimony, and obviously not finding it as accesible as you do day to day, it is very hard to have more than a memory...
...9 - I could read the last of former InterAmerican Ambassador Meyer's but it runs along the same lines...
...Perullero and Iglesias were the two leaders of the attacks against the town of Boca de Sama, where they cowardly killed two Cuban revolutionaries and injured several persons, among them, a 13-year old girl who had to have her leg amputated because of her wounds...
...NEWSMAN: In addition to the terrorist groups you've referred to, we understand that similar groups or bands have been created recently...
...20002.-5Colby Transcript WILLIAM COLBY (Preceded by prepared speech, Friday, 13 Sept, 1974) Colby: With respect to Chile, Mr...
...I know that they have had meetings in the past few months...
...Source: Adapted from a chronology compiled by the Center for National Security Studies...
...These young men, who had been members of Young Cuba, later created a fascist group also dedicated to terrorist actions, called the Cuban Neorevolutionary Action Group...
...This fact which, I repeat, I've known privately, has been corroborated by the U.S...
...It will be a "do-ityourself" seminar...
...Director (with ambassadorial rank) of Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support - CORDS (U.S...
...however, his name has never been mentioned...
...That in itself did not change things until they began to attack some of the people of the Meos up in the country...
...periodicals such as Time and US News and World Report...
...In editing this transcript of the question and answer session, we had to omit certain portions and change some wording, for reasons of space and readability...
...They boast of this in public...
...The relationship between the exiles and Chilean right-wingers dates back at least to the 1964 elections, when a tape by Juanita Castro was used against Allende...
...These people were operating in New York City, although Aguila Kaliman also lives in the Dominican Republic...
...It is hard (audience laughter) to say whether it is successful or unsuccessful without talking about what they were...
...Now, we did not have anything to do with the military coup in Chile, and therefore, I dc not think that you can say that the result today is the result of either CIA or the United States...
...What I'm trying to say here is that there are certain things which today are not an immediate danger to the United States but if allowed to grow can become a serious problem and consequently a problem to the security of the United States...
...Colby: Of course...
...This man, Juan Felipe de la Cruz, was really a victim of the Cuban Action chiefs who had sent him to Paris...
...starts doing business with Cuba...
...Branfman: Was it the practice of the national police to torture -Colby: The second answer to that question is that it was not the common practice...
...Chairman: Excuse me...
...Organizes propaganda campaign to exacerbate the Cultural Revolution on China, with disinformation carried to the mainland by Agency-supplied balloons and radio-transmitters...
...The whole question of the morality of self defense is one of making the action relate reasonably to the need for some kind of action...
...Finally,.he claimed that CIA covert actions are in the interest of the United States because they give U.S...
...The FNLC is responsible for the mailing of postal packages containing bombs which they have sent from Mexico to several Cuban embassies...
...Speakers James Abourezk: Democratic Senator from South Dakota...
...Was there an effort to keep State Department personnel informed of these operations that you were mandated to carry out by the National Security Council...
...For this reason, Business International is developing a workshop in conjunction with the leading organizstion in this field -- the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) -- which will provide the corporate security manager with the knowledge and the written and graphic materials he must have to develop and implement a program for his company...
...pacification program) in South Vietnam which included Project Phoenix, the U.S...
...In November, Rivero surfaced in Havana and held a press conference containing the revelations about the activities of these groups...
...The Secret Cuban Government is a terrorist band made up of the former members of Cuban Power from 1968, a group called the ARA MIRR Alliance, and the Marti Insurrectional Movement...
...of State Joseph Sisco, and Gen...
...10017 (212) 759-7700 Cable Address "Busymaq New York" June 17, 1974 Dear Several days ago, in Oklahoma, the president of a global oil-drilling firm, Helmerich and Payne, Inc., was kidnapped and ransomed for $700,000...
...As noted below by BI, "International companies, in particular, are the prey of terrorist groups...
...We also have Aldo Rosado, Henry Aguero and Pedro Arnao who work in a terrorist group in Los Angeles, California...
...Colby justified CIA secret intelligence gathering because it gives U.S...
...Do you think it might not be a good idea to discuss what you are doing now, at this time, even before the appropriate committees...
...I am particularly intrigued by a statement you made when you testified before Congress in '71 about the An Tri sentencing procedure whereby Vietnamese are sentenced to two years without a lawyer, and you said you wouldn't want to see these legal standards applied to Americans, although they were being applied to Vietnamese...
...All of these materials will cover the USA as well as foreign operations...
...U.S...
...press...
...In order to answer your question concretely, I would say that it was because of the influences of my family, my social origin, my environment, the psychology of the world I belonged to and the enormous propaganda that existed against the Revolution and against socialist ideas...
...I want to read a brief portion of a document written by some organizations in Latin America* that I think represent the interests of the majority of the people there, and they are leading the struggle against you and against the CIA apparatus that you represent...
...The United States, in fact has had to resort to the imposition of Fascist governments - 11 - -1 around the world because of the strength of the peoples movement...
...There are also Luis Tornes, director of a counterrevolutionary newspaper, Justo Alonso, Jose Llevert, Eduardo Paz and Jesus Lazo...
...Sponsors coup against Mossadegh government in Iran, and restores full power to the Shah...
...for Policy Studies...
...imperialism has been fully exposed...
...I also took part in other events at the time, but I don't think it necessary to enumerate them here...
...the Cuban exile team was used to break into the Chilean Embassy in Washington in May 1972,and three Chilean diplomats were also the targets of such break-ins...
...Before I call on Mr...
...As one retired CIA veteran recently revealed,"Thus, out of the agency's career workforce of roughly 16,500 people and yearly budget of about $750 million, 11,000 personnel and roughly $550 million are earmarked for the Clandestine Services...
...that is, he coordinated the work of these three groups...
...Colby: I beg your pardon, Mr...
...a team of parachutists called "The Golden Falcons," and a dissident group from the Authentic Party of the Miami Area...
...1961- ? Sponsors regular armed incursions from Miami into Cuba, carried out by Cuban exiles residing in U.S...
...Stuart Symington challenged this irresponsible attitude toward the CIA when he asked the Senate Appropriations chairman, the late Allen Ellender, whether or not his subcommittee had approved the financing of the CIA's 36,000-man secret army in Laos...
...Peck: Mr...
...NEWSMAN: Can you tell us something of your life in the United States and of how your ideas began to change...
...6, 1974...
...Colby: I believe Mr...
...Since each participant will be asked to bring certain corporate information with him (to facili- 30 - tate his work in developing a concrete program for his company), and since sensitive subjects such as the question of paying or not paying ransom will be discussed, the meeting-place itself will afford maximum security...
...The Cuban trade office in Montreal was attacked in early April 1972...
...of State Kissinger, CIA chief Colby, Dep...
...Colby: Because, Mr...
...Chairman, I would be very happy to answer any questions * On September 8, 1974, the New York Times reported that top officials of the Nixon Administration had authorized the expenditure of over $8 million for covert activities in Chile between 1969 and 1973...
...RIVERO: On January 1, 1959, I decided to fight the Revolution...
...territory to fight the Cuban Revolution...
...and lobbying at the November 1974 OAS meeting...
...authorities themselves...
...other than certain funds -- let me correct that (audience laughter) -other than very limited items that were commitments made prior to the coup and have nothing to do with the period after the coup...
...You said that the CIA conducts genocide...
...Halperin: Have you, as a result of what happened in Chile, ordered a review of that part of the Agency that develops plans for encouraging democracy in foreign countries...
...Their provisions include: banning all covert operations...
...Supports Phillipine government campaign against the Huk guerrillas...
...A Conference Board report this month, noting the growing number of "professional" kidnappers, states that "traditionally, kidnappings have quite naturally been directed against persons of affluence, with ransoms sought from the victim's families...
...Exxon, for instance, was recently forced to pay $14.2 million for the release of its top manager in Argentina, Victor Samuelson...
...It makes them officers in the United States Army or Navy or whatever it is...
...We did leave some people in Laos for intelligence purposes but not for paramilitary purposes...
...Ellsberg: No idea...
...In fact, it reflects the new Agency public relations campaign...
...Some years ago, there was a phrase called "plausible denial" used...
...This followed a prepared statement by Colby...
...I do not take satisfaction in that particular result of our secrecy...
...Artime, approximately two years ago, was plotting to assassinate the chief of the Panamanian state, General Omar Torrijos...
...The U.S...
...At that point, in order to respond to the attacks made by those forces illegally in Laos, CIA was asked to and did begin a program of covert supply to those forces to protect themselves against the North Vietnamese incursion...
...Daniel Ellsberg: Former Pentagon and Rand Corp...
...He had also participated in the attempt to infiltrate a group of counterrevolutionaries into Cuba in early January 1970, a group led by Vicente Mendes...
...In the memorandum below, BI notes that in recognition of the "huge corporate losses already being incurred," many U.S...
...Colby, that you are prepared to discuss the Chilean operation before any appropriate committee -that's over with...
...9) A slide presentation on the corporate personal security program...
...However, after just a few days in prison he was released and given absolute freedom of movement, including the freedom to collect weapons and organize an assassination plot against two government chiefs of Latin America...
...Just for example, were the committees aware of that...
...It is known that a terrorist cell went to Washington around September 18th, coinciding with the meeting of the Permanent Council of the OAS which took place in Washington in the Panamerican Union building on September 20th which agreed to call the Quito meeting in November...
...I can say that the chiefs of those terrorist groups are 99 per cent fascist, that is, public and admitted admirers of Mussolini, Hitler, Primo de Rivera and of the newest incarnation of fascism, the tyrant of Chile, Augusto Pinochet...
...invasion of 1961.Credit: Cuba Resource Center Newsletter That is, when I adopted this position I realized that I really had only two choices before me: to advance towards fascism, as I said before, or to adopt a position of anti-imperialist nationalism, or real nationalism, that form of nationalism preached by Marti the Apostle and proclaimed in his works where he called the United States by its real name, and called U.S...
...Chairman: Is there anything that the CIA has done overseas that you would not do in the United States...
...Originally launched by the CIA in 1967, Phoenix was subsumed under the CORDS (Civil Operations & Kural Development Support) program in 1969...
...Sets up the Center for International Studies at M.I.T...
...The CIA continues to lie to the American people about its covert operations overseas to control or overthrow foreign governments, and about its counterinsurgency programs...
...the Chilean junta invited a delegation of Cuban exiles to the OAS meeting on relations with Cuba.lO 0 And in Costa Rica, representatives of the junta have been working in conjunction with Cuban exiles to subvert the semi-reformist Oduber government.11 These examples suggest the potential emergence of a right-wing terrorist ring in the hemisphere, with activities in Latin America and in the United States...
...dissemination of black propaganda (lies distorting the Chilean reality) to the right-wing media...
...But for a very practical step, we can start with your cooperation in (the break-in) matter, since as I see here on page 751, "The CIA psychiatrist so purported it to his CIA superiors, both in memoranda and a meeting on August 20, 1971...
...Bob Wilson (R-Cal...
...Such secrets, he stated, help the U.S...
...Chairman: Nancy Stein...
...His group went so far as to assassinate a humble fisherman and to kidnap his body...
...For more on how this money was spent to 'destabilize' Chile, see: NACLA's LA&ER...
...Questioning from the audience continued, including some detailed questions regarding CIA activity in Chile...
...Colby: I'm really not trying to play games with you...
...I have proscribed that phrase, because I do not believe that we can tell the American people an untruth...
...1954 Overthrows Arbenz government in Guatemala...
...Colby: I said that our policy was to encourage the democratic forces in Chile to sustain themselves in looking toward a victory in the elections of 1976...
...3618 Sacramento St...
...Successfully carries out its part of an intricate covert operation to overthrow the Allende government in Chile...
...On behalf of this group, a young man, 26 or 27, travelled to Paris in August 1973...
...8 Since the September 1973 coup, the Chilean junta has agreed to supply arms and funds to the Cuban exiles...
...Peter H. Dominick (R-Colo...
...After World War II Colby received a law degree from Columbia University and started work in the New York corporate law firm (Donovan, Leisure, Newton, Lombard & Irvine) whose leading partner was the former head of the OSS, Maj...
...What is your estimate of the number that have been imprisoned, and of the number that have been tortured in that period...
...I would add that, in my review of the transcript of that testimony, there is no reference to prototype, nor the term "destabilize...
...I repeat what I have previously said, that CIA had no connection with the military coup there in 1973...
...As Fidel took power, Rivero left Cuba, at age 19, and helped found the first exile terrorist group, "La Rosa Blanca," in Miami...
...Harrington...
...He quoted active officials of the CIA as stating that a conviction of Ellsberg in the courts was impossible due to the First Ammendment...
...RIVERO: I have some information here about those groups...
...94118) - 14 - other leaders mainly of closed societies who rely on our kind of secrecy, I don't think there would be much satisfaction anywhere...
...Harrington prepared the letter after he was given access to the transcript of testimony by Colby given at a secret hearing of the House Armed Services Subcommittee on Intelligence held on April 22, 1974...
...I personally have never seen a report and none was ever presented in my trial, interestingly, or any of the other trials, of a single leak in the past twenty years that did in fact injure the interests of the people of the United States...
...Intelligence gathering is, of course, a necessary part of covert action...
...Henry M. Jackson (D-Wash...
...RIVERO: Of course...
...Porter: Can you answer yes or no...
...RIVERO: That plan has been coordinated by the following counterrevolutionaries: Orlando Bosch Avila, Antonio Calatayud, Hector A. Fabian, Ramon Orozco Crespo, Felipe Rivero Diaz, Juan Jose Perullero, Angel J. Ferrer and Gustavo Marin Duarte...
...destroyed an entire floor of the hotel where he was staying near Paris, the Abren Ville Hotel...
...executives working in Latin America...
...will reach a situation "in which our adversaries profit froni our openness while we are blinded by their secrecy...
...7 - 20 - The Chilean Connection Already the exiles have linked up with other right-wing forces, particularly representatives of the Chilean junta...
...The investigations concerning Watergate exposed that the Agency considers itself not only above national laws elsewhere in the world, but here in the United States as well...
...With the approval of competent authority in the Forty Committee and the National Security Council, do you feel those techniques are justified in the name of national security...
...Chairman, with great respect, that falls within the category of the details that I'm not going to talk about...
...Is that right...
...The campaign started with an attack against the United Nations building...
...And it included the Phoenix program which was designed to identify the leaders of the Communist apparatus that was bringing terror and invasion to the population of South Vietnam The Phoenix program was designed and started in about 1968 in order to bring some degree of order and regularity to a very unpleasant, nasty war that had preceded it...
...Second we report broadly in executive session on the substance of what is going on in the world, and that particular hearing (April 22) was arranged for that purpose, to try to report generally on what was happening, and as I said at that time, I was not prepared to discuss our operational activities in Chile at that particular hearing...
...Let me read secondly from testimony given to the Church sub-committee last spring...
...Colby: We respected the Geneva Agreement provisions...
...Uses Cuban exiles-in-training to put down rebellion against Guatemalan government...
...Watergate revealed publicly the potential of these groups as a mercenary force, capable of applying the skills and techniques they were taught by the CIA -- burglary, sabotage, assassination -- to intervene in U.S...
...This plan has now been actualized...
...Enrollment will be on a first-come, first-serve basis...
...Today, fifteen years later, the ghost of dirty tricks past in Cuba has come back to haunt them, and is rapidly turning into a "security threat" within the United States...
...But in this war it has once again been shown that in spite of all of their military power their system is weak when confronted by a people prepared to fight and be free whatever the price...
...More recently we have statements by high officials of the government that there was no intervention in Chile...
...As for the number tortured, I have no idea...
...Colby: There are lots of fine points in this argument that I frankly would think that this is not the forum to discuss the finer philosophical points...
...Rockefeller and Mr...
...Mitrione...
...Subscriptions: $10 per year for individuals ($18 for two years...
...I make specific reference to former Ambassador Davis, to former Assistant or Deputy Ambassador Shlaudeman and to a variety of other people who might be loosely in the category of those who would be, as a part of their State Department discipline, responsible for Latin American affairs in general -- Jack Kubisch,(former Assistant-Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs...
...3) A corporate security-risk analysis manual...
...And an exaggeration of action when there is little need is immoral and wrong...
...The CIA subcommittee of the Senate Armed Services Committee only met with CIA witnesses twice in 1970, not at all in 1971 and only once in 1972...
...Orlando Bosch Avila, Antonio Calatayud of the Cuban Action group...
...1962-1973 Organizes Secret Army in Laos, which eventually numbers 35,000 Laotian tribesmen and 17,000 Thais...
...Cuban exiles after surrendering during the Bay of Pig...
...I want to read.., statements made on three occasions by three separate individuals all of whom were directly concerned with Chilean policy on the part of this country's government before congressional committees over the course of the last year...
...David Wise: Washington-based writer...
...We know about your operation Phoenix in Vietnam which resulted in, as you yourself said, 20,500 people murdered, and similar programs elsewhere...
...if the U.S...
...I'm asking you to comment on the results...
...For more information write to them at 122 Maryland Ave...
...Thus in a 1974 internal memorandum on "IBM as a Target for Terrorists," the giant computer firm notes that: In view of the political changes now taking place in the buffer states around the Union [sic] of South Africa, security planners must view this region as especially sensitive during the mid-1970's...
...Therefore, Cuban Power, Nationalist Movement, ESA and other smaller groups were neutralized some three or four weeks before the 1968 elections...
...John 0. Pastore (D-RI...
...voters now favor ties with Cuba...
...Small group discussion and problem-solving sessions relevant to the course topics will be conducted, in addition to individual consultation...
...Colby, do you consider the covert operations in Chile to have been a success...
...I hope you are the only person in the room who sincerely believes that...
...Secretly intervenes once more in Chile to prevent election of Salvador Allende and the Popular Unity government -- this time without success...
...Sponsors guerrilla raids into Peoples' Republic of China...
...and, despite setbacks, the people in Latin America are gaining strength every day...
...Marks, the use of an atomic bomb is justified in the interest of national security, and I think going down from there is quite a realm of things you can do in the reasonable defense of the country...
...Third, I was prepared to discuss any operational detail with the constituted sub-committees of the Armed Services Committee or the Appropriations Committee, and I did so...
...As long as this is the case, CIA covert operations will continue to fill a structural need of imperialism -to subvert national liberation movements and to intervene in the affairs of other countries...
...Covert action is distinct from intelligence gathering in that it is designed to influence or affect a given situation to achieve a desired goal by any means necessary, legal or illegal...
...RIVERO: Well, aside from the influence of my family, which logically I felt strongly, there was also the influence of my environment, that is, the world I lived in and of which I was really a product...
...The Phoenix program was one part of the total pacification program of the government of Vietnam...
...I don't ask for a lot of questions that come up in our intelligence business...
...Miami Herald, Nov...
...The following document contains numerous other examples of the Director of the CIA spreading misinformation...
...domestic politics as well as abroad...
...withdrew...
...25 per year for profit-making and government organizations ($48 for two years...
...Now, if it is discussed with Lucien Nedzi or Stuart Symington, I'm not aware of it...
...That is, the neutralization of those groups was an action fundamentally carried out so that the elections could be held in a climate of peace...
...The first was before our sub-committee, the Inter-American Subcommittee, on June 12th of this year by Deputy Ambassador Shlaudeman...
...Rep...
...This will include corporate case examples...
...Hence each of these security managers must recreate the wheel, as it were, and develop one from scratch...
...It was called The White Rose...
...the outline of the workshop and its take-home materials are enclosed with this letter...
...Colby was known as one of U.S...
...Special Subcommittee on Intelligence, House Committee on Appropriations George H. Mahon (D-Tex...
...Michael Harrington: Democratic Congressman from Massachusetts...
...CIA station chief in Saigon (his "cover" was first secretary of the Embassy) where he became a staunch supporter of President Ngo Dinh Diem (1959-62...
...The military withdrew its people...
...The latter, especially, is not a fair description of our national policy from 1971 on, of encouraging the continued existence of democratic forces looking toward future elections...
...We know that the CIA conducted the training of foreign police in Texas under the auspices of the Office of Public Safety so that they learned to make bombs and conduct terrorists actions against their own people...
...But I do not believe we can tell them an untruth...
...in 1949...
...press generally ignored the content of the confrontations between Colby and the conference participants (some of which are transcribed below...
...These activities were carried out by the Young Cuba band, which is made up of a number of young fascists, some of whom had belonged to the group of former president Carlos Prio Socarras and others to the group led by Ramiro de la Fe, an invader of Playa Giron, a counterrevolutionary who was sentenced to three and a half years in prison in the United States for illegal activities...
...There is Shell, Esso and Standard Oil, United Fruit, and ITT, * The document refered to here is the Declaration of the Council of Revolutionary Coordination...
...I never asked, to begin with, whether or not there were any funds to carry on the war in this sum the CIA asked for...
...The person in charge of this operation was Jesus Dominguez Benitez, nicknamed "El Isleio," an individual who had been intimately linked to Cuban Power, a terrorist group which as I said before was active in 1968...
...Each participant will gather certain data about his own organization prior to attending the program, and will then utilize that information to analyze the nature of terrorism and how his corporation and its personnel may be vulnerable to attack...
...Such actions cause most Chileans today to live in constant fear of arrest...
...Colby: Our attaches in any foreign country are known as attaches...
...many have even accepted the inevitability of the resumption of U.S...
...This will describe what a corporate security awareness program is and why it is needed...
...Jesus Dominguez Benitez has been arrested twice by the FBI...
...In recent months, however, several close observers of the exile community (including some within it) have noted that the vast majority of the exiles are resigned to staying in the U.S., and especially younger exiles have lost their fervor for "retaking" Cuba...
...This makes the point both of the fiction of oversight and of the, at least, casual use of the truth on the part of a variety of State Department officials that have appeared before congressional committees over the course of the last year...
...NEWSMAN: You mentioned that the persons who have attacked our fishermen have been members of these terrorist groups...
...Branfman, I have a considerable degree of modesty as to whether anyone has a monopoly of morality...
...The policy of the government, Mr...
...The Chinese government made it clear that they would personally help the Vietnamese to maintain their troops in Laos until the U.S...
...The Cuban exile team was assembled and trained by the CIA in 1960 for the specific purpose of overthrowing the government of Fidel Castro in Cuba...
...Intervenes in Congo on behalf of Adoula and Mobutu, supplying mercenaries and an "instant" air force of B-26 bombers, flown by Cuban Bay of Pigs veterans...
...The FNLC is also made up of mercenaries from the U.S...
...Felipe Rivero directs the work in Florida and Guillermo Novo in the New York area...
...Herbert Scoville: Former Asst...
...This explosion took place in the home of the counterrevolutionary Alfredo Sayuz who has worked as coordinator...
...How many I cannot tell you for sure...
...continued those supply operations against the demands of the Pathet Lao that they end them...
...I think it can now be perfectly well demonstrated to your or anybody else's satisfaction that it was common practice to be tortured in Vietnam, and you have just lied after saying just a minute ago that you wouldn't...
...and I have every confidence that a fully satisfactory solution will eventuate...
...I would say that terrorism is a typical symptom of defeat...
...26 - RIVERO: The terrorist groups have coordinators, cell chiefs and cell members...
...Therefore they would have to destroy him in public by "render(ing) him the object of pity as a broken man," and by "refer(ing) to Ellsberg's Oedipal Complex...
...Colby: There may well be one but I just can't recall it here at this moment...
...This manual, like the slide presentation, will also include prevention techniques to avoid kidnapping...
...Morton Halperin: Former staff member, National Security Council and a Dep...
...of American Scientists...
...It also exposes the magnitude and the conspiratorial nature of the Cuban exile activities...
...I hope you will read the enclosures carefully and let us know as soon as possible on the enclosed registration form if you wish to enroll one or more of your staff concerned with corporate security...
...Source: Direct from Cuba, Nov...
...co-author, The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence...
...These elements founded the socalled Zero Group, a terrorist band which publicly took responsibility for the killing of Jose Elias de la Torriente, 70 years old, who the fascists accused of having stolen funds from the so-called Torriente project which were to be used to fight the Cuban Revolution...
...government give "discreet support" to "America's friends" and thereby gain "control of a nation's political direction...
...Like many former agents, Colby had a difficult time adjusting to the routine of civilian life...
...Therefore, at the beginning of 1963 I turned to nationalist ideas...
...Each participant will receive one full set...
...Deputy director of Operations (also known as the Department of Dirty Tricks) which is responsible for all covert actions and for the CIA's eighty-five overseas stations...
...To cite a few other examples: the Miami Herald covered the Montreal Cuban trade office bombing on April 5, 1972...
...The techniques of covert action include blackmail, burglary, subversion, and assassination...
...At the time of the Bay of Pigs, Adlai Stevenson, who was twice a presidential candidate, had to lie to the whole world by reading a cover story into the record of the United Nations, which I think he always regretted...
...Roman L. Hruska (R-Neb...
...First of all, is it not true that the CIA forces were already supplying (inaudible) at the time of the cease fire in Laos, at the time of the Geneva meetings in 1962...
...After graduating from Princeton in 1940, he joined the army as a parachute field artillery officer...
...This slide presentation will detail how employees can contribute to the security of plant and equipment...
...I was 19 years old at the time, and my father, Andres Rivero Aguero, had been elected president in the elections of November 1958...
...Cuban Action is a terrorist group made up of members of the Insurrectional Movement for Revolutionary Recovery (MIRR) which should not be confused with the Chilean patriotic MIR...
...This manual will include a general formula for allocating money for security resources based on the risk analysis...
...Later I found out that Benitez also had the cooperation of a number of Chilean military men who had been plotting against President Allende since the day the Popular Unity Government won the elections in September 1970...
...In November 1974...
...One of them, Mr...
...3 The tactics of covert action include the "employment of well-placed agents, the use of money, the mustering of mercenary armies, and a variety of other covert methods designed to influence directly the policies (or determine the life spans) of foreign governments...
...He admitted that the CIA exceeded "its authority in several instances with respect to Watergate...
...3 - Partially because of the failure of overt intervention in Vietnam, the Nixon/Kissinger doctrine has emphasized the development of a low-profile approach to intervention...
...You told us you understand your oath to uphold the Constitution...
...Begins Phoenix Program to coordinate the attack on NLF infrastructure, leading to 20,587 "suspected" NLF members killed in first 2 1/2 years...
...15 - Colby: There are some, yes...
...Similar statements have been attributed to U.S...
...Colby: Mr...
...Ramon Orozco Crespo has been the bodyguard of the Florida multimillionaire Maurice Ferrer for several years...
...The threat from the exile groups within the United States has become so serious as to force the Justice Department in April 1974 to decide "at a very high level" to begin a Federal grand jury investigation of terrorism by Cuban exile groups in Miami...
...Abourezk: Thank you, Mr...
...As I said before, this aid from the Chilean military junta has two objectives: in the first place, to finance the campaigns of the Pro-Chile Committee, which is simply a propaganda organization, and in the second place, to finance directly the terrorist activities of the groups in U.S...
...able to control the comings and goings of a person who had been sentenced twice by the courts in Miami...
...And you don't have to leak about them...
...Nor has the Agency explained the destruction of the taped telephone conversations between then CIA Director Richard Helms and Nixon, Haldeman, and Ehrlichman - after the Senate had requested that the CIA safeguard all evidence pertaining to Watergate...
...It will show how to protect information about the company and its managers' movements from leaking out, and how the company should gather and process intelligence about terrorists and disseminate it within the company...
...On domestic issues, Colby justified CIA infiltration and secret funding of the National Student Association because it "helped articulate the views of American students-4abroad...
...Barnet, by saying that I reiterate that our policy at that time was to look forward to a victory in 1976 of the democratic forces through elections...
...1962 Spends a reported $20 million in Brazil, supporting hundreds of candidates for gubernatorial, congressional, state and local offices, in an attempt to prevent President Joao Goulart from gaining a majority in Brazilian Congress...
...Colby, that the best answer to all of your policies, the policies of the CIA, is going to be the will of the people who are going to win and that we know that you will suffer eventual defeat...
...Ernest Siracusa was U.S...
...major -- stumbling block: no service organization offers a comprehensive course in how a global corporate security program should be created, nor produced the manuals, visual aids and other materials needed to implement it...
...We are always talking about what the CIA has done two or three years, four or five years in the past...
...There are two more persons involved in that scandal -- all this is well known in counterrevolutionary circles, I'm not inventing this, it's widely talked about in those circles -- Mike Suarez Fernandez and Humberto Lopez, the coordinators of the Front for Cuban Liberation, a terrorist group which also had a participation in the Watergate case...
...agents debugging a corporation's headquarters in New York City...
...NEWSMAN: Could you give us the names of the counterrevolutionaries who lead these terrorist groups...
...7) A corporate counterintelligence program manual...
...economic empire...
...Colby: We have not given any assistance to Chile since the coup...
...public opinion...
...Colby, putting aside various arguments over what actually happened in Operation Phoenix...
...There is now] the definitive awakening of our people, with thousands and thousands of workers on their feet, which goes forth inevitably towards the Second Independence, towards the elimination of the unjust capitalist system and the establishment of revolutionary socialism...
...The analysis will include a look at whatever difference there may be vis-a-vis expatriates versus local nationals and third-country nationals...
...It became more and more evident that counterrevolutionary nationalism would lead me straight to fascism, and we have a great many cases of that happening in the counterrevolution...
...The conference was sponsored by the Center for National Security Studies,an independent nonprofit organization whose primary objective is to contribute to a public reappraisal of the purposes and policies of U.S...
...Colby: I don't believe that is a useful subject to discuss, Mr...
...William E. Minshall (R-Ohio...
...There were some, I admit that...
...The Watergate break-in was only the most visible of a long list of their subversive activities and "dirty tricks," 6 but it was the logical extreme of the CIA's activities abroad...
...Miami Herald, April 4, 1974 8. "Under the Cloak and Behind the Dagger," NACLA's Latin America and Empire Report, July-Aug., 1974 9. See Rivero Collado interview, below 10...
...The accuracy of Rivero's charges is substantiated by reports in established U.S...
...NEWSMAN: You said before that the terrorist campaign is a result of the failure of the counterrevolution...
...Chairman, it is given to us by the established elected authorities of the United States government, the President and the National Security Council and is reported to the Congress (see Congressional Oversight box...
...Phoenix was designed to "neutralize" the Viet Cong Infrastructure, or VCI (Pentagon parlance for the NLF's clandestine governmental apparatus...
...I participated in a number of aggressions against the Revolution from inside the United States and in other countries, during 1959, 1960 and 1961, right up to the Playa Giron invasion, in which I also participated...
...According to commentaries I heard in Miami and in New York, the Cuban-origin counterrevolutionaries Bebe Rebozo and Edgardo Buttari are not completely out of the Watergate scandal, I would say they are not even partially out of it...
...2) To familiarize him with the knowledge, systems and skills he needs to design and implement his company's global security program against such vulnerability...
...This bombing was part of a campaign of "open warfare" in which the exiles have turned their CIA-learned sabotage skills against all agencies and individuals identified as favoring the elimination of sanctions against Cuba...
...So (my wife) wasn't wrong...
...Of course, he was a terrorist, but he was also the victim of the chiefs who did not take any risks at all...
...the money of Mr...
...We should note that the plastic bombs found in the apartment are identical to those which the following month, or two months later in January 1974, were found in a children's playground located on the grounds of the Cuban embassy in Mexico...
...Robert L.F...
...Recognizing the very real threat to their corporate assets and personnel which kidnapping and international terrorism present -- and the huge corporate losses already being incurred -- a growing number of firms are creating a new management function -- risk management -- to develop and implement a program to protect the company's plant, equipment and people...
...That strategy was drawn up in the middle of 1973 when the most aggressive elements of the counterrevolution began to note positive changes on the part of the Latin American countries in regard to the Cuban Revolution...
...NE, Washington, D.C...
...Also, the manual will show how to quantify -- put dollar figures against -- these various degrees of risk, which is essential if a security-risk analysis is going to be useful to a company in arriving at amounts of money it should spend for insurance, prevention, etc...
...RIVERO: The counterrevolutionaries Juan Jose Perullero, Antonio Iglesias and Ramon Orozco Crespo are members of those pirate groups...
...John Marks: Former staff assistant to Dir...
...They have adopted terrorism as their strategy because to a certain degree they realize that what they call the cause of anticommunism, that is, the struggle of the counterrevolution, has failed and they believe that terrorism is the only way left open to them...
...According to a recent Gallup Poll, 63% of U.S...
...Barnet: I'm not asking you to comment on the operations...
...See: U.S...
...But all of these programs won't work, because we are talking about the struggle of the people for their own independence and self-determination...
...We have a rather large and efficient group of analysts who serve up the answers to the obvious questions around the world...
...5 For example, the CIA continues to lie about its role in Watergate...
...Borosage, I have a question that I would like to ask of you...
...2 Given these changing attitudes among the majority of the exiles, the terrorists are no longer the heroes they once were...
...However, in Vietnam there are only two hundred lawyers and it was a little hard to get advice of counsel for every person arrested in Vietnam under those circumstances, and therefore a variety of other activities were conducted to try to improve the legal and procedural aspects of the Phoenix program...
...This threat was publicly announced by the ambassador of Costa Rica in Washington, Rodolfo Silva...
...First secretary and special assistant to the Ambassador, Rome (1953-58) where he worked underground to prevent the Italian Communist Party from achieving a majority in Parliament...
...As many of you will remember, these attacks were fundamentally aimed against the diplomatic missions of the countries which maintained relations with Cuba, that is, those European countries and Mexico which had firmly refused to take part in the criminal U.S.-imposed policy of blockading Cuba...
...corporations are beginning to acknowledge that their rapid push into Third World areas has made them an obvious symbol of what IBM calls "American overseas imperialism...
...Now I'd like to lay out these facts andhave you either confirm or deny them...
...Richard Barnet: Co-Director, Institute for Policy Studies...
...In the Bay of Pigs invasion I fought on the beaches called Playa Larga and Playa Giron...
...This presentation -- together with a written text -- will focus on personal security awareness and on anti-kidnapping techniques for use within the company after the participant returns home...
...It is, as Fidel Castro pointed out in a recent CBS-TV interview (referring to the exiles' role in Watergate) one of the ironies of history that the Cuban exiles were unable to destroy the Cuban Revolution, but instead helped bring down the government of their friend Richard Nixon...
...I can't say that every dollar that CIA spent in Chile was individually approved by a chairman, but I can say that the major efforts were known to the senior officials of the Congress as established...
...and abroad, and even begin to lose their political base in the exile community, they are becoming more desperate and more dangerous...
...Let me also say...
...9 and representatives of the junta recently spoke at an anti-Castro rally in Miami...
...or to policemen's associations such as the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) for assistance in setting up their own security apparatus...
...On September 20, 1974, the New York Times reported that the $8 million was exchanged by the CIA on the Chilean black market, multiplying its value by "as much as 800% higher than the official rate...
...Oscar Luis Acevedo and Edwin Gonzalez, invaders of Playa Giron and former members of the Secret Anticommunist Army, of the Secret Cuban Government...
...was very candid discourse as far as the CIA operation in Chile...
...Winslow Peck: Former intelligence analyst, National Security Agency...
...However, I soon realized that this new political position, which was a reaction against my earlier political beliefs, was in reality a contradiction, a falsehood...
...We did look forward to a change in government...
...Is it your understanding, as mine, that millions of Americans are opposed to any kind of assassination programs, any kind of police programs, any kind of attempts to overthrow foreign countries or influence the political practices in foreign countries -- that these programs are repugnant to most Americans and, in fact, are being carried out against the will of most Americans...
...As mentioned earlier, it will include individual consultations on each participant's need to develop his own corporate security program...
...That is what our policy was and that was what our activities were aimed at...
...When in Doubt--Lie to the People The CIA is presently trying to clean up its lawless covert image...
...I think that the various members of Congress and the various staff members as they travel around, they have a chance to ask our people what's going on...
...I agree with you because I thinly the foundation of our country is in its people, and I think the people of this United States deserve to have their freedom protected...
...Cover: CIA Director William Colby and right wing terrorists in action in Latin America...
...Certainly, I regard it not only as a fortunate and essential piece of information...
...attempt to destroy the National Liberation Front's infrastructure through imprisonment, torture and assassination (1968-71...
...press and public...
...RIVERO: The total failure of the counterrevolution is the fact that the Cuban Revolution is a historic and irreversible reality...
...Lopez and Crespo were seriously injured in March of this year, when a mediumsize bomb exploded in their hands as they were trying to place it inside a book to send by mail to a Cuban embassy...
...Branfman...
...I can confidently say that terrorism is the direct result of the failure of the counterrevolution as a political cause...
...No firm with foreign operations -- no matter how large or small -- is immune...
...Colby: Mr...
...Moreover, a few days after the heroic fall of President Allende, Colonel Eduardo Sepulveda, an intimate friend of the tyrant of Chile, Augusto Pinochet, visited Miami and personally met with Ramiro de la Fe and his group of young terrorists...
...Barnet: Could I ask you to be a little bit more specific about that...
...Thus in Argentina, where revolutionary guerrilla organizations have collected millions of dollars in ransoms, businessmen admit that the aim of many kidnappings is "to drive out the multinational corporations and replace them with a basic Marxist system...
...And thirdly, what is your understanding of the fact that so many Americans are sick and tired of what they understand the CIA is up to...
...NEWSMAN: They actually plan to assassinate Latin American diplomats...
...Stuart Symington (D-Mo...
...built "Provincial Interrogation Centers" where only a lucky few escaped brutal torture...
...newspapers...
...boycotts of products from those countries...
...Colby, back around 1958, President Eisenhower denied that the CIA was engaged in activities against the government of Indonesia...
...While given prominent treatment in the major news media of a number of Latin American countries (Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Costa Rica, Panama, Mexico, and Argentina), the Rivero revelations were virtually ignored in the U.S...
...Colby: I think they are officers or enlisted men in their respective services...
...The work of this group, directed by Dominguez Benitez, had the cooperation of several Cuban counterrevolutionaries living in Caracas, Venezuela, who gave Benitez false papers accrediting him as a Venezuelan newsman...
...Credit LAs) - 10 - Colby: Various of our individual actions in Chile over the years were reported at that time, and in some cases before the funds were expended, to the appropriate chairmen of the committees involved...
...Secretly intervenes in Chile to prevent election of Salvador Allende, and is successful...
...Congress has been neither able nor willing to limit, much less abolish, CIA covert activities, despite continuous revelations and public outcry...
...in continuing that supply operation had a plane shot down by the Pathet Lao...
...By the end of the session it became clear that CIA secrecy is primarily designed to keep the U.S...
...In his Sept...
...by the time the fire engines arrived the damage was $50,000...
...In November 1973, the Secret Cuban Government planned to assassinate the Cuban ambassador to the United Nations, Ricardo Alarcon Quesada...
...We respected the Geneva Accords agreement at that time and were only led to a violation of them by a greater violation by the North Vietnamese...
...and the de la Torriente and Rodriguez-Vives assassinations on April 18, 1974...
...6. New York Times, Sept...
...The threats against Gonzalo Facio and Costa Rican diplomatic installations were reported in the Miami Herald, Sept...
...and distributing over $8 million (through the black market) to "destabilize" the legally elected government through funding of "bosses" strikes, right-wing opposition candidates, terrorist actions, and black propaganda...
...Secretary, Fedn...
...That person was Angel J. Ferrer and we've already spoken of him...
...the position of the carriers and brokers vis-a-vis international terrorism, including conditions attached to such insurance...
...In many areas of the Third World, revolutionary groups have identified U.S...
...As far as I know, a pact was signed between the Chilean fascist colonel and other elements who accompanied him and the group of Cuban counterrevolutionaries under the leadership of Ramiro de la Fe...
...Prior to taking power, Black nationalist and terrorist groups may selectively target Western business interests which they view as especially symbolic of the oppression they are seeking to eliminate...
...But the action in Mexico was carried out by a third terrorist band, Cuban Action...
...There were a variety of programs of this nature, including the inducement, reception, and resettlement of over 200,000 Vietnamese who had served with the Viet Cong and decided to - 6 - come over to the government's side and were received and not punished for whatever they had done...
...The coordinators or main leaders are the following: Felipe Rivero Diaz and Guillermo Novo Sampol of the Cuban National Movement and the Zero Group...
...The following is a brief (since most is unknown) chronology of his CIA career: "* For.ign service attach, U.S...
...Where we omit words within a sentence or speech, we use 3 or 4 dots...
...Your statement is that "covert action reflects national policy...
...Raskin, because I get back to my responsibility not to talk about the operational details of my agency...
...RIVERO: Yes, they continued because the neutralization process was really ineffective and only temporary...
...Jamie L. Whitten (D-Miss...
...2 By far the main activity of the CIA is covert action...
...It does not...
...But they are not denied...
...Named after the title of a National Security Council memo which defined its role, the Committee is restricted to five key men: Sec...
...RIVERO: Yes, I had a very important reason...
...This is what has been commented on within the aggressive counterrevolutionary circles, in their meetings, and now the columnist Jack Anderson has not only confirmed it but has also mentioned something I had no knowledge of, the fact that these terrorist bands are plotting to assassinate the members of the United States Congress who favor a review of U.S...
...Recently, I discovered a piece of information in a U.S...
...But I can confidently say that the terrorist campaigns being carried out by the group of Cuban counterrevolutionaries led by Ramiro de la Fe, made up of former invaders of Playa Giron, the members of the Secret Anticommunist Army which operated in 1968 and was later temporarily neutralized, and the group of young fascists who committed the crime of Montreal, I can truthfully say that the activities of these people are directly financed by the money of the Chilean fascist military junta...
...RIVERO: I left Cuba on January 1, 1959, at 5 in the morning...
...certainly the Watergate Five have brought more embarrassment than pride to the Cuban exile community...
...Porter: It is on the record admitted by US officials that the US did, in fact, supply the Pathet Lao with military aid 90 days after the Geneva meeting...
...The workshop will be conducted on November 20, 21 and 22, 1974, in or around New York City...
...But with respect to the question about clearance with State, the Deputy Secretary of State is a member of the Forty Committee who considers and approves the various covert action directions that we get or approvals that we get.* The State Department, like the rest of us, handles this on a very strictly compartmented basis offering the need-to-know principle for the reason for limiting sharply who should and who should not know...
...Colby, for the most part, refused to answer questions, claiming the conference was not the proper forum...
...there were 17,000 defected...
...Congress, House Committee on Govt...
...According to the terms of the pact, if the counterrevolutionaries in Miami and in New York carried out a publicity campaign favorable to the junta and if this publicity campaign yielded results, then the colonel, Eduardo Sepulveda, promised to solicit the aid of the tyrant of Chile and persuade the military junta to give the Cuban counterrevolutionaries arms, equipment and money...
...I believe that the book will be published soon...
...You said that you hoped that the people would win...
...RIVERO: That's absolutely right...
...Branfman: Mr...
...Nancy Stein: I just want to make a few statements...
...Colby: My morality is to try to help produce a better world and not to insist on a perfect one, Mr...
...A few weeks after the killing of Torriente, who was shot in the back, another 70-year old man, Ernesto Rodriguez, president of the Christian-Democratic Movement in exile, that is, the counterrevolutionary Christian-Democrats, was also shot to death in Miami...
...Funding of scores of ostensibly private organizations revealed...
...Korry, who was the former Ambassador to (Chile...
...co- author, The Invisible Government...
...policy makers an option between a "mere diplomatic protest" and military intervention...
...The FNLC also includes the followers of Ramon Orozco Crespo...
...In 1943, Colby responded to a call from the Office of Strategic Services (forerunner of the CIA) for French-speaking volunteers...
...Casing photographs" of Dr.Fielding's office (Ellsberg's psychiatrist), were reviewed by CIA officials and reported to the office of the Deputy Director of the CIA...
...The United States gave no support to any electoral candidate...
...Abourezk: It seems that CIA covert activities are never discussed in advance with anyone that I know of...
...In Vietnam, the people are continuing to defeat the United States military and CIA apparatus...
...Abourezk: I want to have one more specific question...
...Before this Crespo had carried out a number of attacks against Cuban fishing vessels in 1972 and 1973...
...It is another irony that the recent bombing of the Washington headquarters of the OAS -- the organization regarded by the Latin American left as the "Ministry of Colonies of the United States" -was carried out not by the revolutionary left but by Cuban exile terrorists...
...However, although the boats are there plain to see, the authorities apparently are blind...
...From the facsimile of the IBM memos in The Berkeley Barb, Nov...
...In February, 1974, representatives from the National Liberation Movement (MLN - Tupamaros) of Uruguay, the National Liberation Army (ELN) of Bolivia, the Movement of the Revolutionary Left (MIR) of Chile, and the People's Revolutionary Army (ERP) of Argentina released the document at a secretly held press conference...
...Counter-Revolutionary Apparatus: The Chilean Offensive...
...No firm with foreign operations--no matter how large or small--is immune...
...Moreover, I would say that terrorism is the epitaph of the counterrevolution...
...Barnet: /As the result of the withholding of information which you had from the constitutionally elected government/ we have a military dictatorship which has repealed two generations of reforms in Chile, has obliterated a system of reform which has evolved under conservative and Christian Democratic governments...
...RIVERO: I don't believe that everything has been revealed, at least all the names...
...He has been sentenced twice by two different courts for illegal activities...
...4. Ibid., p. 21...
...If we went around the world to find the "* Since the September 1973 coup, between 20,000 and 40,000 Chileans have been killed...
...18, 1974, p. 22...
...of State Dept.'s Bureau of Intelligence & Research...
...1, 1974...
...Cuban Action also includes members of the so-called Revolutionary Directory...
...Wackenhut, for instance, operates private guard services in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela and the Dominican Republic, and offers an "Executive Protection" service for U.S...
...If your company has not yet taken this step, the time to do it is now...
...companies operating abroad, and suggests some steps for developing defenses against such attacks...
...10) A manual on procedures to follow if an employee or his kin are kidnapped or are said to have been kidnapped, or if an extortion demand is made...
...Tad Szulc, "Cuba on our Mind," Esquire, Feb., 1974 2. Miami Herald, Nov...
...In the first place, the terrorist cells of the Cuban Nationalist Movement continue to function as they have been since before 1968...
...Was Lucien Nedzi , or were the informal members of the Armed Services Committee structure that oversaw, at least theoretically, the CIA role with specific reference to Chile, informed with that degree of specificity before April 22 of this year...
...Colby: Of course...
...It will also include a typical, hypothetical insurance program for an international company operating worldwide...
...repressive forces, especially the Federal Bureau of Investigation, decided to eliminate those groups, chiefly because U.S...
...Colby: With due respect, I disagree with you because our appreciation of the situation in Chile and the analysis of the situation in Chile was that the military coup in Chile was brought about by the policies of the Allende government, which so mixed up the situation in Chile that the military decided to act against the government...
...The nine or so people who came to beat me up on the steps of the capitol in this city on April 3, 1972...
...Another name hasn't been revealed, that of Manuel Artime Buesa, civilian chief of the Playa Giron invasion, an agent of the CIA for many years, who was also involved directly in the Watergate case...
...But perhaps that does relate again to your remark that you regard as unfortunate the leaks of that information to the American people (such as Representative Harrington's extremely responsible letter, which was initially confidential...
...They had been collaborating with the campaign of the Cuban Nationalist Movement since 1964...
...Colby, I'd like to ask you a general principle question...
...Ramon Orozco Crespo, Angel J. Ferrer, Frank Castro, Humberto Lopez and Alfredo Sayuz of the National Front for Cuban Liberation, which was recently joined by Gustavo Marin Duarte...
...Access to the memoranda of both the psychiatrist and his superiors has been refused to this Committee...
...John C. Stennis (D-Miss...
...And in that period following the same, the Pathet Lao as a member of the tri-partite coalition government demanded it as was their right under the arrangement and that the United States ceased its military and economic aid through the (inaudible) who were ensconced in bases within the classified (inaudible...
...The workshop was to be held November 20-22 at a secret location in the New York City area...
...NEWSMAN: You've been in Cuba for a while now...
...1 The press also generally took Colby's statements at face value, choosing to ignore lies and contradictions...
...In this way, Cuban and Chilean counterrevolutionaries created the so-called Pro-Chile Committee, fundamentally to make propaganda favorable to the fascist military junta because the international situation of the junta, from the moment they committed the crime of assassinating President Allende and of assassinating the hopes for liberty of the Chilean people, was so negative that the junta considered it necessary to enlist the aid of certain elements, chiefly within the United States...
...We understand that those fascist groups were responsible for the terrorist attacks against some of Cuba's diplomatic missions abroad...
...Dan Mitrione was a U.S...
...Earlier, Secretary of State Dulles said during the time of the uprising in Guatemala that the situation was being cured by the Guatemalans themselves...
...politics by its real name, that is, as imperialism...
...the de la Cruz death in Paris on Aug...
...Colby: I believe I said that, in my prepared statement, that CIA must do those things that are lawful in the United States...
...8, 1974...
...and as you know we have a round-up recap every now and again and the April 22nd one was one for the House Committee...
...In other words, a campaign against the counterrevolutionary capitalists who refused to contribute economically to the upkeep of the terrorist bands, because, obviously, that campaign damaged the interests of the Cuban businessmen...
...We are aware they have changed, and we are trying to adjust to the new world that we have here and that we are trying to respond to the American people and to the American Constitution in the form that is expected of us at this time...
...It is also our impression that there were very few what you might call executions...
...policy on Cuba...
...28 - Multinationals Under Siege: Protecting The Outposts In their headlong rush to gain control of more and more of the earth's resources and markets, the large multinational corporations have encountered a new and unexpected obstacle: kidnappings of overseas executives and other attacks on corporate personnel and properties abroad...
...There are occasions in which these matters are held extremely tightly and made available only perhaps to the principal concerned...
...In outrage this woman commented: "...the Vietnamese are one people...
...We are publishing in its entirety the text of the press conference, made available by Prensa Latina (Direct from Cuba, 1 Nov.74) because this document presents the most complete and accurate account available to date of the range of activities of the Cuban exile groups, and presents background and analysis to show their interrelations...
...But since you have already indicated in your addendum to your prepared remarks, your intention not to address specifics raised in your testimony to Lucien Nedzi on April 22, let me at least get into the question of what I think is the fiction of congressional oversight...
...2. Ibid, p. 344...
...Fortunately, the projectile did not make impact and fell into the East River...
...What activities in the covert operation do you engage in overseas that you would approve of in this United States...
...I should also say that these aggressions against Cuba have been carried out from boats - 27 - and launches now anchored in the Miami River which runs through the middle of the city...
...and Mr...
...audience outburst) John Marks: Mr...
...The Latin American people from the last century until today have suffered a string of military interventions and unjust wars executed and fermented either by the North American armed forces or the multinational monopolies...
...At present, about two-thirds of CIA funds and manpower are for covert operations and their support, and this proportion has been relatively constant for more than ten years...
...The following document is an edited version of the questioning of Colby by the conference participants...
...There were exceptional cases as I said in my prepared statement...
...From a moral point of view what are the distinctions between what we do to Americans, and to Vietnamese and people in other countries...
...Ellsberg: Have you read estimates, for example by "Amnesty International...
...Colby, you have just violated what you just said a little while ago that you weren't going to lie as Director of the CIA...
...Hew York, 1974), p. 78-79...
...However, judging from Colby's comments, a major purpose of such exposure appears to be to feed false or misleading information to the public rather than to come clean...
...Peck: Just the same as agents of the Central Intelligence Agency...
...A diploma testifying to the "patriotism, courage, loyalty and yili" of the same counter- revolutionary, issued in liami, May 4, 1961...
...I would like to add, since we are speaking of the people who took part in these maritime aggressions, that they are now freely walking on the streets of Miami and New York and publicly boasting of their actions such as the one where they attacked a fishing village and among other things, made a 13-year old girl lose her leg...
...Isn't it true that agents of the Defense Intelligence Agency were directly involved in the overthrow of that government...
...In practice, Phoenix constituted a campaign of unrestrained terror against all opponents of the Thieu regime -- particularly students, Buddhists and neutralists...
...it will include a check-list of the elements in a corporate security awareness program (such as the need for a company to develop materials showing what losses from terrorism will mean to the company and its workers), and will show participants, step by step, how to create and implement a corporate security awareness program...
...The people of Latin America have suffered first hand the consequences of U.S...
...Now, do you confirm or deny these facts...
...NEWSMAN: You mentioned that these groups had a plan to assassinate Latin American diplomats...
...All fail...
...Organizes and leads capture of Che Guevara in Bolivia...
...They also continue to plot against Cuba in spite of the fact that there is a treaty against piracy signed by Cuba and the United States on February 15, 1973...
...Ellsberg: Finally, have you asked for such an estimate...
...Colby: I would rather not use exact numbers, because I'm not sure of them...
...Asst...
...NEWSMAN: What are your plans now...
...Gary Porter: Research Associate, Indochina Resource Center, Washington D.C...
...Richard Barnet: Mr...
...I was captured and held prisoner, with the rest of the invaders, for a little more than 20 months until December 1962 when, as you will recall, the prisoners were exchanged and returned to the United States...
...senior consultant, Center for National Security Studies...
...You've indicated that your efforts, at least as they were reflected in Chile and I can infer from that generally, were to keep the State Department informed at all times of activities that were conducted in the carrying out of what you characterized again today as a directive given you by the executive branch in the course of their Constitutional mandate...
...Then we have the so-called Secret Cuban Government which was founded in 1972 and which carried out several spectacular terrorist actions until 1974 when it joined the so-called National Front for Cuban Liberation (FNLC), which is the most active terrorist group right now...
...International companies, in particular, are the prey of terrorist groups, which have proliferated throughout the world in recent years...
...That doesn't make them agents...
...Colby] have left indelible imprints of the powerful United States against the popular movement in Latin America...
...Where we omit whole sections of a speech or exchange between conference participants and Colby, we use 3 stars...
...RIVERO: I can say that the terrorist campaigns which these people have carried out in the past 10 years against the diplomatic missions of several countries are aimed at starting open warfare between the most aggressive faction of the counterrevolution and the nations of Latin America that are in favor of raising the blockade against Cuba in the forthcoming 14th Consultative Meeting of the Foreign Ministers of Latin America to open on November 8th in Quito...
...I have not asked for that particularly...
...Dir., Arms Control & Disarmament Agency...
...I realized that there was a practically imperceptible distance, a very small step, between a genuinely nationalistic position and a revolutionary position...
...There came a time in my life when my wife asked me what I hoped to achieve by leaking, by revealing, information to the citizens of this country...
...DteSu )e U'NCO The Center for National Security Studies plans to publish the papers prepared for the Conference on the CIA and Covert Act Activities...
...Charles Meyer, who I think was his predecessor in that role...
...Marks: But in peace time -- a time such as now...
...They are really a single group which is branched out deliberately to give the impression of a bigger membership and to mislead public opinion...
...In the closed societies and countries that we work in and in some of the other countries that we share this world with, there are a lot of illegal things, according to our standards, done overseas, and I think this is a natural aspect of the fact that we live in a world of sovereign nations, each one of which must protect its own security...
...He then made a racist comment about "people your size...
...four days later another exile leader was assassinated, also presumably by other exiles...
...This would imply that the CIA was not involved with supplying guns and other equipment and material to the secret Armed Clandestine in Laos before...
...Were there shackles in the tiger cages...
...NEWSMAN: Rivero, was there any special reason which made you leave Cuba that way, on the very day of the triumph of the Revolution...
...This is with reference to Chile...
...A moving confrontation occurred between a Vietnamese woman and,Colby...
...Through the supply of money, arms and bombing raids, unsuccessfully tries to overthrow President Sukarno of Indonesia...
...1954-1963 Backs Diem in South Vietnam, launches guerrilla raids on North, and supports pacification program in South...
...It gave decisions about economic development programs in the localities to the local officials...
...Chairman, and as I have indicated, I believe these matters should be reported to the Congress in the manner that the Congress establishes...
...NEWSMAN: To change the subject a little, do you believe that the press has published everything about the involvement of Cuban conterrevolutionaries in the Watergate case...
...Rivero Collado Revelations: An Inside View These events are the context for the remarkable revelations made on November 3 in Havana, by former Cuban exile activist Carlos Rivero Collado...
...protest marches, rallies and work stoppages in the United States...
...Secret Service appointed five of its agents to protect the Costa Rican minister during his stay in Washington...
...firms are developing new "risk management" programs to prevent further losses...
...CIA activities have led to the overthrow of governments in Guatemala, Brazil, Bolivia, and now Chile, the details of which you know better than any of us, Mr...
...Chairman, since my testimony on Chile was given in executive session from which it has unfortunately leaked,* I do not propose to discuss the details of our activity there, other than to point out that they fall within the general principles I outlined above...
...In this unequal war, whose flames are still not extinguished, the belligerent and treacherous character of U.S...
...He felt that if U.S...
...It involved the reception and resettlement and eventual return to village, as security improved, of hundreds of thousands of refugees...
...This manual will enable the participant to create, step by step, a counterintelligence program for his company...
...secretary of state began to take certain form at the end of 1973...
...According to Charles A. Meyer, former Assistant Secretary of State from Latin-American Affairs: "We bought no votes, we funded no candidates, we promoted no coups...
...1973...
...Four days after Torriente was killed, the leader of Cuban Power in 1968 and the head of the terrorist bands, Arturo Rodriguez Vives was killed in New York, and at the end of August of this year the leader of the Cuban Nationalist Movement, an invader of Playa Giron, leader of the Zero group, Hector Diaz Limonta, was strangled in Union City, New Jersey...
...the group of pirates who have carried out several maritime attacks against Cuban fishermen...
...As for the question of how to check on CIA, I think the front benches here of the press do a superlative job of showing us and catching us whenever they can...
...Published monthly, except MayJune and July-August when it is published bi-monthly, at 160 Claremont Ave., New York, NY 10027...
...Artime had active, direct participation in the Watergate affair...
...The total number of political prisoners jailed over the last year is between 50,000 and 80,000, with approximately 7,000 to 10,000 imprisoned, tortured and interrogated at any one time...
...20, 1974...
...In 1971, Sen...
...The major stress of the Phoenix program was to encourage the capture for very sensible easy reasons...
...First, our respect, not the Communists', for human life where it can be gained (audience laughter), and secondly because a live captive has information and a dead body has none...
...The Secret Cuban Government is most active also in the North Zone, that is, the industrialized northeastern part of the United States...
...former Asst...
...Address all correspondence to Box 57, Cathedral Station, New York, NY 10025, or Box 226, Berkeley, CA 94701...
...I think it's disgraceful...
...The cell chiefs of the above-mentioned terrorist bands are Orlando Atienza Perez, Ignacio Novo Sampol and Felipe Martinez Blanco of the Nationalist Movement and Zero group, which are really one and the same thing...
...We have a situation today in Chile where large parts of the middle class are considerably worse off than under the regime that succeeded it...
...To achieve its goal, the CIA has infiltrated, distorted, and attempted to destroy the political, social, and economic lives of the people of the third world...
...Source: Direct from Cuba, Nov...
...Parenthetically, she was correct...
...Instead the public was told how "Colby kept his temper," in the face of "haranguing" by his critics...
...By reason of the structure of the Defense Department, they report to the DIA, the Defense Intelligence Agency...
...NEWSMAN: Rivero, you were speaking of the socalled counterrevolutionary nationalists who became fascists...
...limiting the CIA's domestic activities to those which relate directly to foreign intelligence-gathering...
...There is also something which I have not mentioned up to now, and that is the publicly known fact that on September 19th of this year, the Costa Rican foreign minister, Gonzalo Facio, was threatened with death in the city of Washington...
...ambassador to Bolivia at the time of the 1971 coup against the nationalist military government of Juan Jose Torres...
...Ellsberg: But your agency has not given you an estimate...
...for CIA's Scientific Intelligence...
...the advantages and disadvantages of self-insurance...
...Second-class postage paid at New York, NY...
...William G. Bray (R-Ind...
...This attack was carried out by a terrorist band called Young Cuba, in coordination with other fascist elements which resided, and, as far as I know, still reside in Montreal and other Canadian cities...
...This was a program which was run by CIA and was also participated in by the U.S...
...The emergence of effective Black nationalism means that Black majorities now will demand substantial control over in-place business assets...
...Dragnet raids of poblaciones and working-class neighborhoods occur regularly, with thousands of 'suspects' rounded up at any one time...
...But isn't it true that the Central Intelligence Agency is not the only agency of our government involved in covert activities...
...You justified apparently the murder of Mr...
...The 40 Committee is, in the words of Newsweek, the "board of directors for America's master spies...
...The plan is to assassinate the diplomats, ambassadors and foreign ministers of those nations...
...Leverett Saltonstall, who served for many years on the oversight subcommittee: It is not a question of reluctance on the part of CIA officials to speak to us...
...journalist, Jack Anderson, who I believe is the most widely read columnist in the United States...
...Only in the past decade have many would-be kidnappers come to see the modern corporation as a surrogate family for its top executives and thus a logical target for this form of extortion...
...It will cover: the use of external, published sources...
...As I said, this was the opening round of the "War along the roads of the world" which in spite of these criminal actions, spread and made moderate progress until 1967 and 1968 when, under the influence of this terrorist current, new bands were created, such as Cuban Power, the Secret Anticommunist Army and others...
...This took place over 90 days and the U.S...
...1958 1958 1959 - mid '60s 1960 1960 1961 1961 - 13 - Colby: Mr...
...and Michael Klare, "Operation Phoenix and the Failure of Pacification in South Vietnam," Liberation, May 1973...
...The gap between the few terrorists and the rest of the exile community is becoming more evident and public: Cuban Vice-Mayor of Miami Manolo Reboso recently said he and others in the community were "ashamed" about the destruction of a monument in Miami by an exile terrorist group...
...foreign policy is dominated by an aggressive, interventionist ideology which denies nations the right to self-determination, because the U.S...
...These two men are activists of the so-called Authentic Party of the Miami Area...
...2. Hamilton, Andrew, uThe CIA's Dirty Tricks Under Fire - At Last," The Progressive, Sept...
...Was this particular situation that you have described in detail, either going back to the 1960's or with more relevance to the 1970 Allende period through the latter part of last summer, followed as a matter of practice in keeping informed various embassy department personnel in Chile during that period of time...
...audience applause) Colby: May I, as a point of personal privilege, Mr...
...We are engaged everyday overseas in trying to learn through secret, clandestine operations about matters which are kept secret and are illegal...
...Colby and his wife, the former Barbara Heinzen have four children, live in Springfield, Virginia and are practicing Roman Catholics...
...Thus Howard Hughes has employed Intertel to oversee his worldwide gambling and resort empire, while IBM commissioned the IACP to prepare the memo cited above...
...Violence directed at established institutions -- and especially business corporations -- has become commonplace throughout the world...
...Fred Branfman: Director, Indochina Resource Center...
...Ellsberg provides documentation based upon Senator Howard Baker's minority report to the Watergate Committee (see: The Senate Watergate Report, Volume 1 "Minority Report on CIA Involvement," Dell, 1974, p.746-752), which showed that Richard Helms, then Director of the CIA, agreed to do a psychological profile of Ellsberg as part of a campaign to destroy him...
...July/August 1974, "U.S...
...Rivero Collado participated in the Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961, and was captured and imprisoned for 20 months in Cuba...
...Colby: I think, Mr...
...outbreak from the audience...
...Colby: I deny that CIA did anything before they were provoked to it and requested by the people in Laos to help defend themselves against the North Vietnamese incursions against them...
...And I ask myself another question: Are the U.S...
...Is that right...
...Now, as a citizen, I resent being lied to by the government, and wonder if this lying doesn't make the cost of covert operations too high...
...6, 1974 3. Miami Herald, Oct...
...Audience laughter) I'll tell you the answer to that question...
...In the operation against the Cuban trade mission in Montreal, the counterrevolutionaries Eduardo Paz and Rafael Perez Torpedo had direct participation, in coordination with a person whose last name was Soto, a resident of Montreal...
...When we were through, -- I've forgotten the number but it was in the neighborhood of 1,000 people who checked out through the international control checkpoint...
...It is reprinted in full in NACLA's LA&ER, March, 1974...
...Fascist elements hurled a bazooka projectile against the UN building...
...The North Vietnamese withdrew, if I remember, it was something on the order of 40 or 50 people, leaving some 5,000 behind...
...No CIA Director ever before faced questioning at a public forum of this kind...
...0. Clark Fisher (D-Tex...
...Through a series of super-secret NSC Intelligence Directives (N-SCID's), Agency covert operations have been expanded even further...
...During his two years with the OSS, he parachuted behind enemy lines to work with the French resistance and he was dropped into Norway to carry out sabotage against German rail lines...
...Cuban exiles also planned to assassinate Castro and Allende in 1971 during Castro's visit to Chile...
...SENATE Special Subcommittee on Intelligence, Senate Committee on Armed Services John C. Stennis (D-Miss...
...territory, and that is the following: When the prime minister of Cuba, Fidel Castro, visited Chile in October 1971, a group of fascist counterrevolutionary elements, sponsored by the CIA, planned to kill the leader of the Cuban Revolution and President Allende...
...Let me put to you what I think, based Colby: A Career in Covert Operations Nixon's appointment of William Colby to head the CIA in May, 1973 signaled the continuing importance of U.S...
...And isn't it true that these same agents of the Defense Intelligence Agency, undercover as Defense Attaches in Santiago throughout the period of destabilization in Chile, were actively working for the Central Intelligence Agency...
...Colby: I didn't kill any...
...If it had not been leaked to the press, the public would never have learned that at least $8 million was spent by the CIA to overthrow the Allende government...
...I would also like to add that my feelings towards my father stem not only from a purely family tie, but because I know that my father has always been an honest man, perhaps a rare exception in Cuban politics of the past...
...the distribution of a half a million weapons to the people of South Vietnam to use in unpaid selfdefense groups -- a venture that I doubt that many other governments would try or would meet with the success that the Vietnamese did...
...Did I understand you to say earlier that there will be no more lying about CIA operations...
...military...
...Program of providing personal subsidies to key Greek military and civilian leaders culminates with Col.George Papadopolous, a longtime recipient of secret CIA money, leading overthrow of civilian rule...
...the Lopez and Crespo activities on March 21 and 24, 1974...
...Marcus Raskin: Does the Central Intelligence Agency use various Rockefeller corporations as covers around the world...
...Robert Borosage: Director, Center for National Security Studies...
...12) An analysis of the pros and cons of paying ransom or of giving way to extortion demands, and, importantly, why companies should settle on a policy in advance -- whether it is to pay or not to pay...
...I did see it published in the newspapers some time ago...
...But the Agency has moved beyond this, and has increasingly based its operations on "point 5" of the Act, which authorized it to perform "such other functions and duties related to intelligence affecting the national security as the NSC (National Security Council) may from time to time direct...
...I should also mention that the Cuban embassy in Ottawa was attacked in 1966 and 1967...
...1964 1964 1965 1965 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967 1970 1973 Secretly intervenes in Chile, spending $20 million, to prevent the election of Salvador Allende, once again successfully...
...Executive director-comptroller of the CIA (1972-73), the Agency's number three position...
...1, 1974...
...I thought those were not dangers...
...Despite this, Colby continues the official lies with repeated statements that the CIA "had no connection with the military coup...
...Colby: Well, in line with my disinclination, to put it mildly, to talk about our operations, I would rather not do that in this forum...
...Sincerely, Elliott Haynes Executive Vice President A WORKSHOP ON CREATING AND IMPLEMENTING A CORPORATE SECURITY PROGRAM TO COMBAT KIDNAPPING AND TERRORISM A Service of Business International Corporation in conjunction with the International Association of Chiefs of Police Date: November 20-22, 1974 Place: In or near New York City PURPOSE 1) To prepare the participant to make a detailed study of his firm's international terrorism vulnerability quotient...
...Colby, the 54-year old son of an army officer, has spent most of his career as a clandestine agent...
...Elford A. Cederberg (R-Mich...
...From my experience in the government with gentlemen like yourself, I did not in fact believe that was the way we operated...
...in spite of that, I still have the same affection for him, the same respect and deep love that I have had for him all my life...
...I ask myself the question of how is it possible that U.S...
...relations with the Castro government.1 Cuban exile journalist Roberto Fabricio wrote recently that "the majority of Cubans living in exile don't participate in any liberation efforts" and are apathetic about the issue...
...6) A slide presentation, with a written transcript, which the seminar participant can take home to use in creating security awareness among all the company's managers and workers here and abroad...
...We had a lot of advisors around and throughout the police and throughout the other structures in Vietnam...
...Principal targets have included U.S...
...Army who were trained in Fort Jackson, Fort Benning and Fort Knox and who now have a veterans' association...
...Instead it is a question of our reluctance, if you will, to seek information and knowledge on subjects which I personally, as a member of Congress and as a citizen, would rather not have...
...Therefore, to avoid going through what had happened to other counterrevolutionaries who went from simple reactionary nationalism to fascism, which in essence are the same thing, I simply decided to stick to real nationalism, a type of nationalism which in many ways coincides with the positions adopted today by a number of Latin American countries who are in favor of closer relations and a policy of respect and consideration for the Cuban revolutionary process...
...Wise: Then doesn't that mean logically an end to covert operations...
...Chairman, was that there would be no intervention in the political affairs of Chile...
...Chairman...
...CIA actions include coordination of terrorist activities and the training and funding of right-wing paramilitary groups...
...General William S. "Wild Bill" Donovan...
...Colby: I have read various papers on this subject...
...corporate giants, such as ITT, Exxon and Ford, as the key impediments to socialism and national independence...
...Audience laughter) But in the elections of 1976 by the democratic political forces...
...According to Colby, who as head of CORDS supervised the program from 1968 to 1971...
...newspaper which expands and corroborates what I have known privately since 1972, since the plan to assassinate the U.S...
...list of recipients included National Student Association, Asia Foundation, numerous AFL-CIO-sponsored foreign labour programs, and Encounter magazine...
...Meanwhile, revolutionary Cuba continues to gain support, thus increasing the isolation of the terrorist exiles...
...To allow the BI/IACP instructors to work on an individual basis with the one or more participants you appoint, attendance at the workshop will be limited to 40...
...F. Edward Hebert (D-La...
...author...
...advisor to the Uruguayan police force involved in torture training, who was executed by the Tupamaros in 1970...
...This distrust or lack of confidence in Third World governments has prompted many U.S...
...Secondly, Senator Symington told you at your confirmation hearing that "we are getting pretty sick of being lied to" -- If we don't want to take your word that, for example, the CIA is not now involved in paramilitary activities in Cambodia, we -- nothing personal here but there is a lot of feeling that over twenty years CIA directors have lied to Congress, even to people like Senator Symington, -- do we have any way of finding out what you people are up to...
...It never dawned on me to ask about it...
...During the UP government, the names of several Cuban exiles were linked to the activities of Patria y Libertad...
...I would also comment that this unfortunate leak, once again, raises the dilemma of how we are to pro