AID's Public Safety Program (document)
A.I.D. ASSISTANCE TO CIVIL SECURITY FORCES Security forces in a given country can be categorized in two groups: the military forces (assistance to which is the concern of MAP) and the civil...
...regulatory administrative functions, such as licensing/control of manufacture and movement of goods and a host of other activities...
...border control...
...In the pursuit of these programs, there are about 400 Public Safety Advisors - 195 of whom are in Vietnam - whose activities cover every civil security function...
...In most countries this is a responsibility of the police -- using the term "police" in the broad sense to include various agencies of government, such as carabinieri, gendarmerie, constabulary, etc., where they exist...
...Through technical advice and training, influential leadership of these forces is being directed toward higher standards of democratic and humane police administration, and toward more effective action against Communist subversion...
...Among the responsibilities of the foreign police we are assisting, are approximately 20 identifiable police functions ranging from off-shore law enforcement (Coast Guard activities...
...basic police operations...
...Plainly, the United States has very great interests in the creation and maintenance of an atmosphere of law and order under humane, civil concepts and control, and in countering Communist efforts in all forms...
...The training of foreign police officers has been centralized and placed firmly under U.S...
...and (2) encouraging the development of responsible and humane police administration and judicial procedure to improve the effectiveness of civil police and paramilitary forces, and enable them to become more closely integrated into the community...
...It is either not offered or it is withdrawn or altered according to inter-departmental evaluation of developments in each country...
...The Public Safety program is regarded today as one of the more effective and less costly means of pursuing U.S...
...Individual Public Safety programs, while varying from country to country, are focused in general on developing within the civil security forces a balance of (1) a capability for regular police operations, with (2) an investigative capability for detecting and identifying criminal and/or subversive individuals and organizations and neutralizing their activities, and with (3) a capability for controlling militant activities ranging from demonstrations, disorders, or riots through small-scale guerrilla operations...
...interest requires...
...This training includes instruction in the concepts and principles of police organization, administration and management...
...PUBLIC SAFETY PROGRAMS LATIN AMERICA EAST ASIA Brazil Korea Chile Laos Colombia Philippines Costa Rica Thailand Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Giatemala Houas Congo (Kinshasa) Guana Liberia Jamaica Panama Somali Republic Panama Peru Tunisia Uruguay Venezuela NEAR EAST/SOUTH ASIA VIETNAM Jordan Pakistan Vietnam Saudi Arabia from A.I.D...
...Public Safety programs have the objectives of (1) strengthening the capability of civil police and paramilitary forces to enforce the law and maintain public order with the minimum use of physical force, and to counter Communist-inspired or exploited subversion and insurgency...
...Civil security forces are assisted by A.I.D...
...and internal security subjects...
...interests in many situations...
...police instruction training...
...The Public Safety and MAP programs have mutually supporting objectives of counterinsurgency...
...Most of this training is provided by our advisors in the separate countries...
...The assistance is relatively inexpensive...
...Inadequate or unsatisfactory performance or any misuse of assistance by recipient nations is quickly detected and remedial action taken...
...criminal and security investigative activities, through domestic/foreign intelligence...
...This is the function of the A.I.D...
...The programs, which are carefully tailored to the needs of the individual countries, are in most cases limited to a few U.S...
...This is a remarkable record in view of the generally high turnover in the public service that has characterized some of the developing countries...
...By such immediate responses, the United States demonstrates that governments do not stand alone when they face the challenge of terrorism and riots which threaten their social and economic development...
...Public Safety Program which began in 1954...
...On the contrary, this assistance is carefully designed to avoid such23 situations...
...This is especially true in the small nations in Africa where one U.S...
...advisors, training of a limited number of selected personnel and small amounts of equipment...
...municipal, rural policing...
...customs, immigration...
...The police are frequently better trained and equipped than the military to deal with minor forms of violence, conspiracy and subversion...
...has given increased emphasis to the Public Safety program...
...However, public safety assisted police forces have done and can do much to prevent conspiracy and the development of disruptive situations, and to insure an environment of law and order which supports the orderly social, economic and political development of emerging nations...
...In order to deal with the dynamics of internal security situations, the Public Safety program has developed and utilized methods to deliver to threatened countries, in a matter of days, urgently needed assistance including equipment, training and technical advice...
...CGovernment control...
...Over 90 per cent of more than 3,000 graduates from the Academy thus far have remained in police service where they can use and disseminate the knowledge gained from their attendance...
...Stress is laid on self-help and adherence to objectives which the U.S...
...This requires a carefully integrated effort between the investigative element and the regular police, paramilitary or military force, operating separately or in conjunction with each other...
...When there is a need, technical assistance to the police of developing nations to meet their responsibilities promotes and protects these U.S...
...Maintenance of law and order including internal security is one of the fundamental responsibilities of government...
...Results have been most gratifying...
...Public Safety assistance and recipient police forces cannot prevent coups or guarantee that communism will not seriously disrupt orderly development...
...We, in the United States, do not relate police activities to the far-reaching authority and jurisdiction encompassed by most police or security forces in other countries of the world...
...Clearly, this progress and this goal will not be attainable if law and order is replaced by disorder and violence...
...The programs are coordinated in the field by the Country Team and in Washington by interagency program reviews...
...the largest police assistance is in Vietnam...
...At the present time Public Safety Advisors are providing police assistance in 27 countries (see list of countries - Annex A...
...Public Safety programs are always preceded by an on-the-scene study by qualified technicians to determine requirements and there is constant evaluation of progress and appropriateness of progress once undertaken...
...interests...
...In the United States, training is provided by the International Police Academy located in Washington...
...investigative techniques, including scientific and technical aids...
...Public Safety Program...
...The police constitute the first line of defense against subversion and terrorism...
...Moreover, the police are a most sensitive point of contact between government and people, close to the focal points of unrest, and more acceptable than the army as keepers of order over long periods of time...
...It is based on the premise that, to maintain internal order, local governments depend primarily on their police and gendarmerie, supported as necessary by the army...
...assistance to foreign police is a carefully balanced program of technical advice, training and equipment...
...Successful discharge of this responsibility is imperative if a nation is to establish and maintain the environment of stability and security so essential to economic, social, and political progress, and to attain the goal of free, stable, independent and self-reliant government...
...Communist22 subversion, terrorism, and insurgency typically strive to break dwn law and order and internal security...
...Since November 1962, following intensive interagency study and pursuant to Presidential directive, A.I.D...
...Program and Project Data Presentations...
...ASSISTANCE TO CIVIL SECURITY FORCES Security forces in a given country can be categorized in two groups: the military forces (assistance to which is the concern of MAP) and the civil security (police) forces which in addition to regular police include paramilitary units within civil police organizations and paramilitary forces such as gendarmerie, constabularies, and civil guards which perform police functions and have as their primary mission maintaining internal security...
...Programs are initiated and continued only after interagency consultation...
...through the Public Safety program which began under ICA in 1954...
...The earlier the police can meet such threats the less it will cost in money and manpower and the less interruption will occur in the vital process of development...
...advisor frequently assists and trains in more than one nation...
...The balance of this paper is excerpted from testimony before a Senate Committee by former Administrator Bell describing the A.I.D...
...Public Safety assistance does not and will not include costly, complicated weapons and other items...
...Many of the Academy graduates have been promoted and/or given more responsible assignments...
...interests...
...Police assistance is not given to support dictatorships or forces which act in a fashion which is inimical to U.S...
...The Public Safety programs place us in a close professional relationship with over a million police throughout the world...
Vol. 4 • September 1970 • No. 5
